Crawl carry mechanism



Aug. 8, 1950 H. P. Mxxl-:R

CRAWL CARRY MECHANISM 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Original Filed Nov. 12, 1941 v Y I INVENTOR HARGLD P. MIXER Aug. 8v, 1950 H. P. MIXER 2,518,358

CRAWL CARRY MECHANISM Original Filed Nov. l2, 1941 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 lu. 0 E

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m E z Q n En 'll I Q INVENTOR HAROLD P. MIXER @www Aug. 8, 1950 H. P. MxxER CRAWL CARRY MECHANISM 4 Sheets-Sheef 3 Original Filed Nov. 12, 1941 1 INVENTOR HAROLD P. MIXER BY J/q,

Aug 8, 1950 H. P. Mlxl-:R 2,518,358

l CRAWL CARRY MECHANISM Original Filed Nov. 12, 1941 LL'Sl'xeelzs-Sheec 4 FIG. l2

5- FIGA ('19) u VI6 FIG lO 74 Flos;` 83 83 HAROLD P. MIXER Patented Aug. 8, 1950 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CRAWL yCARRY MECHANISM Harold P. Mixer, Rockville Centre, N. Y., assignor to Remington Rand Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Continuation of application Serial No. 493,987. July 9, 1943, which is a division of application Serial No. 418,796, November 12, 1941. rlihis application July 15, 1948, Serial N0. 38,832

(Cl. 23S-136) 7 IClaims. 1 This is a continuation of my prior application for Computing Machines led July 9, 1943, S. N. 493,987, now abandoned, which prior application was itself a division of my prior applica- 2 tion, Fig. 4 being on half the scale of the other figures;

Fig. 4 is a partial front elevation; Fig. 5 is a right hand end elevation of the tion for Letters Patent for Computing Machines, 5 accumulator, partly in section on the line 5 5 of led November 12, 1941, Serial No. 418,796, now Fig. 4;

Patent 2,360,615, dated October 17, 1944. Fig. 6 is a partial longitudinal section on the The invention relates to computing machines line 9-5 of Fig. 5;

and more particularly to accumulator-s of the Fig. 7 S a right hand face View 0f a resultant,

crawl carry type having in each denominational l0 or accumulator wheel;

order a driving gear actuated by the usual actuating rack, and a resultant wheel actuated through differential gearing, partly by the driving gear of the same order and partly by the resultant wheel of next lower order.

The invention has for its principal object to improve accumulators of the said type, and especially to reduce the width of the accumulator. Where crawl carry accumulators as heretofore constructed have been embodied in machines provided with type carriers to print the items and totals, the lateral spacing of the accumulator wheels has necessarily been materially greater than that of the type carriers, which is a disad- Fig. 8 is a face View of a oating pinion journaled eccentrically on a sleeve Fig. 9 is an end view of said sleeve;

Fig. 10 is a left hand face View of a driving gear;

Fig. 11 is a cross sectional View of one demonination of a prior crawl carry accumulator with certain diagrammatic lines added; and

Fig. 12 is an exploded view of the parts shown in Fig. 11 with certain diagrammatic lines added.

The drawings illustrate an adding and subtracting machine having the invention embodied therein, and which is fully described in the parent application, now Patent 2,360,615, October 17,

vantage in itself, and especially where it is de- 1944. It will be briefly dBSCIibed hereinsired to print other matter side by side with that The machine frame comprises right and left which records the operations of the accumulator. hand frame plates l5, I6 on which is mounted a Some modern accounting and statistical makeyboard Il. The accumulator wheels are mountchines print a line of matter, either numerical or ed on a shaft 63 and are driven by actuator rack alphabetical of which that associated with one i0 bars 56, which, through idlers H3, also actuate accumulator is but a portion. Sometimes sevtype bars IH,which slide on guides H2 and whose accumula-tors are disposed side by side and types are struck by hammers H4 having a retheir records are printed side by side; and crawl storing bar H6 and latches H5, as conventionally carry accumula-tors have hitherto been found unshown in Fig. 1. The keys 2U have restoring suitable by reason of their width. lt is. therefore, springs 22, have converging stems 23 which slide an object of the invention to provide a crawl in a plate 2| and are adapted to depress stops 24 carry accumulator in which the lateral pitch or for the racks 66, which latter are drawn forward spacing from order to order is the same as that by springs H0. The stops 24 when depressed are of the type carriers. The drawings were made held by latch bars 25 cooperating with pins 25 on from a machine in which such spacing is five the stops in such fashion that when a stop is in thirty-seconds inch, which is a spacing 'comits lower position it holds the latch bar forward monly used in several marketed accounting and of its normal position. A zero stop 24A is pressed statistical machines. down by a spring into normal position where it The invention also results in a simpler accuprevents movement of the rack 66. Said stop has mulator than those of the same type as heretofore a pin cooperating with a cam edge on the latch manufactured, and one cheaper to manufacture. bar 25 so that, when said bar is drawn forward To the above and other ends, the invention by the depression of a stop 24, the zero stop 24A consists of certain combinations and arrangeis cammed upward out of the way of the rack. ments of parts and certain features of construc- The last key in each row is adapted to move the tion, all of which will be fully described herein bar 25 forward to release any depressed key in and particularly pointed out in the claims. that row, A general release key 21 when de- An instance of the invention is illustrated in pressed, operates all of the said bars to release the accompanying drawings. in which all depressed keys.

Fig. 1 is a general longitudinalhsectional view The accumulato?, of an illustrative computing machine having the oo invention embodied therein;

Figs. 2 and 3 are respectively a right hand and a left hand side elevation of said machine;

Figs. 4 to 10, inclusive, show in detail an instance of an accumulator according to the inven- The accumulator works on the same general principle as prior crawl carry accumulators, such, for example, as that described in patent to Gardner, No. 1,828,180, patented October 20, 1931, which patent is division of latent No. 1,867,002.

Referring to Figs. A4-10, it comprises a shaft l63 on which are journaled a series of sleeves 8|.

The left hand end of each sleeve is shaped into' -nulus of internal gear teeth IS. As shown, the v teeth are internal projections from a ring or partial ring, of sheet metal riveted Vto the sheet metal disc. Said teeth mesh with-driving notches Tl in a floating gear "le journaled on the eccentric i5 of the next sleeve Sito the right. Said floating gear is itself driven by studs 83 vprojecting leftward fr'om Vthe driving gear "55 into circular openings 813 in the iioating gear. The studs 33 and openings 811i are so proportioned with referenceto each other andto the eccentricity ofthe eccentric y'15 that, as gears 'I6 Vand 'Ill 'rotate together each of said studs moves around in theoretical contact withthe periphery of its associate opening 8A, and the floating gear @turns always through the same angular Vdistance as :the gear 16. In this construction in all positions Vof Vthe wheels, at least one stud `83 will lprevent relative rotation of wheels 16 and M in one direction and at least one stud S3 will preventsuch rotation in theopposite direction. Thegear y't5 has nine teeth, the driving notches 11 in the gear 1li lha-ve e the spacing'of nine teeth and the internal gear 13 has ten teeth, so that each tooth-space of rotation of gear 1% rotates Vgear 13 one Atooth-space, and a complete rotation of gear *i5 rotates the resultant wheel i3 Ynine tenths of a'iturn, toadd or subtract nine; and also, a'complete yrotation of a resultant wheel 53, together with its-sleeve 8| and eccentric 5, willfcause a rotationof the resultant `wheel Ti of "next higher 'orderone tenth of a turn 'in the ysame direction, to add'or sub'- tract one, all as in prior accumulators Yof this general type'. Also, as heretofore, when, 'by the registration of numbers in the'accumulator, the several ldriving gears 15 vhave imparted Vpartial rotations t'o their respective resultant wheels, the resultant wheels of higher order -will have had imparted to them rotations equal to fractional tooth spaces, each resultant wheel having imparted to the fnext higher `one a rotation equal to 'one te'nthof lits ownV displacement from zero.

The sleeve SI at the right-hand end of the series (Fig. 6) has securedon it, instead of 'a re* sultant wheel, Ia disc 85, from which a'stud -85 projects 'into an opening -in a cer-tain frame piece SI to yhold said plateandsleeve againstrotation Also, the left hand resultant 'wheel -is secured to a sleeve or hub 81 journaled on the shaft 63. VIt will 'be convenient -to describe the accumulator as being 'made in a succession ofstrata or thicknesses. For'purposes of the 'presentapplication a stratum or Ythickness may be -denned as the thickness of one of the "several parts which of necessity must be added together to make up `the over all width of "a :denominational order. For sake of uniformity of nomenclature -in the claims only stratum will be used. Thus, (Fig` 6) the first stratum -at the left contains Ithe -disc and the second stratum the internal gear of the accumulator wheel of highest order; and so on. The prior manufactured accumulators ofthe described type have been constructed-'so that each denominaiconsist of three thicknesses o'f `sheet metal.

q thickness.

In certain prior accumulators, for example, that shown in the patent to Gardner, 1,828,180, the driving wheel 1312 (Figs. 4 and 6 of the patent, and Figs. 11 and 12 herein) corresponding to the wheel i6, was made in three strata, viz., one occupied -by a nine-toothed numeral or driv- -ing pinion 412, vthe next by a disc 41| of considerably larger diameter and the third by teeth or studs 41|@ projecting from said disc. The oating gear 519 was also in two strata, one occupied by gear teeth meshing with those of the driving wheel disc Il?! and the other by a gear meshing with internal gear teeth 573e on the resultant wheel 473. This floating gear was also of a, diameter considerably greater than that of theA driving gear. Thus the 2over all widtho'f a denominational lorder 'of a Gardner accumulator is'of necessity the width (Fig. ll) `of the driving pinion 412, plus the thickness of the ldisc '471, plus the length of the teeth LH la, plus Athe flength of the teeth e130., Iplus the thickness 'of the web M3, it being noted that the teeth ''l'la and^413a are disposedend to end. The manner rin `which applicant has vmodified this construction so Yas to `reduce the lateral spacing'of vthe accumulator is diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 12. In the present'construction,the disc''H has'been eliminate-d, thus eliminating one stratum or thickness,-and Gardners teeth l'HSwhave-been moved farther from the shaft, 'being 'replaced `by the teeth 18, and Gardners teeth YHa, which stood end to end of Yhis teethd'i'a, are replaced bythe studs83 which are situated circumferentially inside of the -teeth Y18, thus eliminating another 4Said oating gear is `also made -in only one plaine, vand is, Ain fact, Inothing but a fiat vdisc of sheet metal-suitably -cut out. Thus two -of the former strata `have been eliminated, and the remaining three reduced to ordinary sheet 1metal. The 'resultant wheel is in two-strata as heretofore, and is of considerably larger diameter than the other wheels. Beginning at 'the left in Fig. '6, the first-stratum -is occupied by the disc of a resultant wheel. The internal gear of said wheel, the floating gear, `the eccentric, and the studs 83, are all in the second stratum and overlap one another so that a 'plane through the stratum as dened Vin geometry (a surface such that it has continuous ex-tension -in two dimensions and no more, having length and breadth but not thickness and such that Vastraight line joining any two points in said Vsurface -lies Wholly within it) would pass through said internal gear, the oating gear, the eccentric and the studs. The third =is occupied by the driving gear 15, and the fourth by the resultant 'wheel disc of next lower order. The comparatively small driving gear is thus between the two -much larger resultant wheels, so that the actuator rack 65 is guided by said resultant wheels, even when the accumulator islifted out of mesh, as shown in Fig. 1. This helps to lmake it practicable to make said driving gear of sheetmetal thin enough to bring the accumulator spacing down to desired small size.

In order to effect the thinning do-wn above-described, certain changes have been made in the design of the wheels themselves. AIn the Gardner accumulator, the disc 41! secured to or constituting part of the numeral or driving gear, had nine crown teeth Mia of convex outline projecting leftward from its peripheral part, into interdental concaved notches between nine4 teeth -in the right hand half of the floating gear 419. Said nine crown teethhave beenreplaced by the three cylindrical studs 83, which, in order to get them far enough from the axis of the wheel, are made to project one from every third tooth of the gear. These studs play in the three openings 84 in the floating gear, as hereinbefore described. These openings are made as far as may be from the center of the gear. In the illustrated instance, and preferably, they intersect the periphery of the gear '24, and constitute driven notches, interspersed with the driving notches ll by which the floating gear rotates the resultant wheel. The omission of this part of the circumference of the hole 84 is permissible because the stud 83, when in that part of the hole, is at or so near to dead center, as to be ineffective as a driving element. The omission of every third driving notch l? is also permissible, because the radii of curvature of the gear 'E4 and internal gear 13, 18 differ so little that each tooth 18 remains in engagement with a notch il for considerably more than a tooth spa-ce of rotation. Functionally, the floatinU gear is really two integral gears, viz., one that is driven by the driving wheel and another that meshes with and drives the resultant wheel.

In the present construction, in eiect, this gear 5.

le has two sets of teeth interspersed in the same stratum, two notches 'Vl meshing with internal gear I3, followed by a larger and differently shaped notch 8d meshing with the teeth 83 of the driving gear; then two notches 'll and one notch 8f3, and so on, around the wheel.

The operating mechanism of the machine may be of any suitable character, as far as the present invention is concerned. That illustrated in the drawing will be briey described. An operating cam shaft 3B is journaled in the side frames i 5 l5. It carries a hand crank 3l 32 by which it may be given a complete rotation, clockwise in Fig. 2 for addition and counternclockwise for subtraction and total taking. Its normal or rest position is dened by a detent roller 34 (Fig. l) on a bell-crank having a spring 35 which yieldingly holds said roller in a notch in the periphery of an otherwise circular disc 33, mounted on the shaft te. lower levers pivoted on a cross rod 36.

The actuating racks 66 are restored to their normal rear position by a bail comprising a bar @2, and two arms 4l fast on a rock shaft. One of said arms is operated by a link Alll, pivoted to a lever si? having a follower roller 38 bearing on a cam disc 3l on shaft 35i. Said cam has concentric high and low dwells connected by two inclines as shown.

In order to provide for moving the accumulator into and out of mesh with its actuators, its shaft 53 passes through vertical guide slots 6G and 55 in the side frames l5 and l5 (Figs. 2 and 3) and on through cam slots 6l and 62 in two upright arms El and 5d fast, respectively, on the right and the left hand ends oi a transverse rock shaft 53, which is journaled in the side frame, so that the two arms rock in unison. Each of the cam slots (li and 552 has a high dwell at its forward end connected forward of the mid-length of the slot, by an incline with a low dwell which constitutes the rear half of the slot. Rocking the arms and E@ about half of their full excursion, suilices to depress the accumulator into. mesh. The rocking member 5l, 58, 69, is operated by a cam disc 53 (Fig. 2) acting on a follower roller 54 on a lever 55 which is connected with the arm 5l by a link 56.

Certain control mechanism for the accumulator (Fig. l) is mounted in an auxiliary frame Said bell-crank is one of several follil comprising side plates 90 and 9| connected together by cross rods. This frame is situated above the accumulator and just inside the side frames l5 and i6. It is guided for up and down movement by the ends of two of its cross rods 92 and 7G which are embraced by vertical slots in the plates I5 and l 6, the lower of said slots being marked Il and l2. Within the auxiliary frame there are pivoted on said rod lil, detents 93., normally pressed by a bar H14 into. positive locking engagement with the several driving gears 16. These detents are also parts of the Zeroizing mechanism which will be described presently. The up and down movements of the auxiliary frame and mechanism are imparted thereto by the ends of the rod 'l0 extending, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, into cam slots 3l and 68 in the rocking arms 51 and 69. The forward half or each of said slots corresponds with that of the slots El and 62 so that, in the nrst half of the forward rocking of the arms, the accumulator and the auxiliary mechanism descend together, the detents 93 remaining in engagement with the wheels. rlhe rear halves of the slots 61 and 58, however, have each a rise, so that the detents are immediately drawn upward, leaving the accumulator gears in mesh with the racks and free to be rotated by them. When the arms 51 and @il swing back to normal, the detents first move down into engagement, and they and the wheels then rise together to their normal positions.

The total taking control mechanism comprises parts mounted in the auxiliary frame 90, 9|. Each detent above the lowest has a branch 93B terminating in a lug 91, adapted to be held up by the circular periphery of the resultant wheel 'i3 of next lower order, which, however, has a notch 83 into which the lug descends as the wheel comes to zero, where said lug arrests it. As it so descends, a pin 95 on its cams loose a latch 98, pivoted at it!! and having a spring H13. The hook end lill of said latch then releases its hold on a lug itil of the next higher order, permitting that wheel to begin its return rotation. The detents i3 are drawn to releasing position by springs 94. In order to initiate this operation, the bar i534 is rst moved rearward in its slots rihis bar is controlled by links i223, links le? and arms 5d, fast on a rock shaft l23. The left hand arm E@ is extended downward and carries a follower roller 48 riding on a cam 4'! on shaft the high part of which cam normally holds the bar .idd in its forward position. At the proper time, the follower descends onto the low part of the cam and permits the movements above outlined. Said movements are prevented on adding and subtracting cycles by a total key i l l, a shoulder of which normally engages a stud 12D projecting from a lever 50 through a hole in the frame plate i5. When it is desired to take a total, this key is rocked clockwise in Fig. 3, releasing the levers 5S and bar H34. Said key also has a shoulder 22 which, when the key is operated, stands in the path of a stud l i8 on the cam arm l, and limits the rocking of said arm and the arm 51 to a half stroke. In this way, the accumulator and the rod 1E! are moved downward into engagement, but the rod '.'0 is not thereafter elevated but remains in its low position with the detents 93 in engagement with the wheels. Said detents are then held in engagement by the latches S8 and are released one at a time as above described. When in a total taking operation, the levers 50 are rocked, a bail '7'J bar lSI, mounted on arms of said levers, cams allor the locking bars 25 rontward to release any depressed stops 24.

"'l'iecams on .the shaft Sil, except those that act on total. taking, are all of similar design in this respect, namely, that each has a low part and a. high part connected by two inclines, so that, when4 the shaft is turned for addition, the followerdescends oneof said incline-s and rides up on` the other, and, when it is turned in the opposite direction for subtraction or total taking, the follower descends the latter incline and ascends the former. Thus, the cam operated parts executed the same movements in both, instances butatdierent times. The principal difference is that in addition the racks are first set against the stops Erl, the accumulator then descends into mesh, and tho racks are then restored, whereas in 'subtraction the wheels are first brought into mesh, vthe racks then advance to their stops 2li, and the accumulator is moved out of mesh before the racks are restored.

Various change may be made in the details of construction and arrangement without departing from the invention.

What I claiin as new, and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is:

' 1'. in an accumulator comprising a succession of denominational orders, the combination in each order of a resultant wheel fast on a sleeve providedV with concentric and eccentric portions and comprising a iiat disc in one stratum and an annulus of internal gear teeth in a middle stratum; an eccentrieally journaled ioating gear in said middle stratum and hav lg notches meshing with said internal gear teeth and three other notches; a driving spur in a third stratum and having three driving studs projecting from teeth oi said spur gear into said other notches in saidnoating gear; saiddriving gear being journaled concentrically and heating gear eccentrically on the Sleeve of the resultant Wheel of nent lower order.

2. In mechanism of the class described disposed in qrecession of denominational orders, the combination in each order of a nine-toothed driving spur gear in the right hand one f three contiguous strata and having three studs projecting from teeth thereof into the middle stratum, a resultant wheel consisting of a disc in the left hand strata and annulus oi internal gear teeth in the middle stratum, and an eccentrically journalled floating gear in said middle stratum and having peripheral notches meshing with said internal gear teeth and interspersed with three notches of circular outline into which studs project; and a sleeve provided with concentric and eccentric portions fast with the resultant gear of lower order and on which the driving gear and floating gear of next higher order are journaled.

3. In each order oi anfaccumulator of the class described, the combination of a driving gear having pins projecting therefrom, a resultant wheel comprising a web and an annulus of internal gear teeth, said internal gear teeth laterally overlapping said pins, and a floating gear situated between said web and said driving gear and meshing with said internal teeth and having openings to receive said pins.

4. In a crawl carry accumulator having in each order a resultant wheel having an annulus ciV internal gear teeth, a floating gear within the width of and meshing with said annulus and having 8L openings, and a drive pinion having studs proj ectingVv into said openings, saidannulus, said fio-ating gear and its said openings andl said studs all lying in one stratumwhich may be defined as having a width substantially equal to any one of the three mentioned elements.

5. A denominational gear train of a creep carry accumulator occupying three strata, the driving gear occupying the whole right hand stratum, the web of the resultant gear occupying the whole left hand stratum, andthe middle stratum being occupied by an internally toothed ange oi the resultant wheel, a disc-like floating gear contained within said internal teeth and meshing therewith, an eccentric bearing for said floating gear, and studs projecting into openings in said Yfloating gear from said driving. gear, saidstuds being positioned nearer to. thecenters of said gears than said internal teeth,'and said middle stratum being such that it be deined as having a width substantially equal to anyone ofthe three mentioncd elements.

6. In a machine of the class described, a gear train including tivo groups of gears arranged alonga shaft, eaChsaid group comprising a driving gear, a heating gear actuated by saiddriving gear and a resultant Wheel actuated by said floating gear andy having a hub with an eccentric thereon, said gears being arranged along said shaft in a succession of contiguous strata, three strata per group, thedriving gear occupying the whole right hand stratum ofqsaid three and havingl teeth projecting into the middle stratum, the resultant wheel-l having its web occupying the whole left hand stratum and having an annulus of internal gear teeth occupying the whole width oisaid middle stratum, and the floating ccnsisting of a disc having-in its periphery notches il engaged by saidinternal teeth` and interspersed with said notches 'il other notches 34 engaged by said teeth on the driving gear, and the driving gear of the left hand group being journalier?. on the hub of the resultant wheel of the right hand group, and the floating gear of the left hand groupy being journalled on thek eccentric of said hub.

7. In each order of an accumulator of the class described, the combination of a driving gear having pins projecting therefrom, a resultant wheel fast on a sleeve and comprising a web and an annulus of internal gear teeth laterally overlapping said pins, and an eccentrically journaled oating gear situated between said web and sai-:l driving gear and meshing with said internal teeth and having openings to receive said pins. said driving gear being journaled concentrically and said floating gear eccentrically on the sleeve of the resultant wheel of lower order.

' HAROLD P. DEKKER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS MXeI Feb. 16, 1943 

